Malaysia Land Title Reference

Malaysia Land Title Classification & Codes

A comprehensive reference to land ownership documents, title hierarchies (Hakmilik Tetap & Hakmilik Sementara), land registration authorities (State Registry & District Land Office), and tenure classifications under the National Land Code (NLC / Kanun Tanah Negara).

Key Title Codes

GRN Geran PN Pajakan Negeri GM Geran Mukim PM Pajakan Mukim HSD HS Daftar HSM HS Mukim ST Strata Title

Land Title Hierarchy Structure

Visual tree mapping of Malaysia land titles from root category down to individual title codes.

MALAYSIA LAND TITLE

FINAL TITLE Hakmilik Tetap

GERAN (USUALLY FREEHOLD)

GRN Registry / State

GM Mukim / Land Office

PAJAKAN (LEASEHOLD)

PN Registry / State

PM Mukim / Land Office

TEMPORARY TITLE Hakmilik Sementara (QT)

HSD Hakmilik Sementara Daftar
(Registry)

HSM Hakmilik Sementara Mukim
(Land Office)

Title Code Directory & Reference Table

Complete lookup directory for title codes, Malay full names, authority levels, statuses, and tenure types.

Code	Malay Full Name	Title Level	Status	Tenure
GRN	Geran	Registry / State	Final	Usually Freehold
PN	Pajakan Negeri	Registry / State	Final	Leasehold
GM	Geran Mukim	Land Office	Final	Usually Freehold
PM	Pajakan Mukim	Land Office	Final	Leasehold
HSD	Hakmilik Sementara Daftar	Registry / State	Temporary	Can be Freehold / Leasehold
HSM	Hakmilik Sementara Mukim	Land Office	Temporary	Can be Freehold / Leasehold
ST	Strata Title	Strata	Final	Both Freehold / Leasehold possible

Key Concepts & Principles

Essential guidance on Malaysia land administration under the National Land Code (NLC) 1965 / 2020.

Final Title vs Qualified Title

Final Title (Hakmilik Tetap) is issued after the land has been surveyed in accordance with the National Land Code, or where applicable, based on a previously surveyed and certified plan adopted by the Director of Survey and Mapping.

Qualified Title (Hakmilik Sementara) allows land to be alienated and titled before final survey. It generally confers similar rights to Final Title, but the boundaries remain provisional and certain subdivision, partition and amalgamation activities are restricted.

Registry Title vs Land Office Title

Registry Title (Hakmilik Pendaftar) applies to Town Land, Village Land, country land exceeding 4 hectares, and certain other land specified by the National Land Code. It is maintained by the State Land Registry / Registrar of Titles.

Land Office Title (Hakmilik Pejabat Tanah) applies to country land not exceeding 4 hectares and is maintained by the respective District Land Office.

Freehold (Geran) vs Leasehold (Pajakan)

Geran represents land held in perpetuity, subject to the National Land Code, quit rent, express conditions and restrictions in interest.

Pajakan represents land held for a fixed term. The remaining lease period and any applicable extension or premium should be checked from the title.

Strata Title (Hakmilik Strata)

Strata titles establish individual ownership of parcels or units within a strata development together with rights in common property. Strata ownership may be either freehold or leasehold depending on the underlying tenure.